Was resorting to Sannyasa or renunciation without family life order of the day in Vedic era?

Sannyasa (संन्यास) is the life stage of renunciation within the Hindu philosophy of four age-based life stages known as ashramas, with the first three being Brahmacharya (bachelor student), Grihastha (householder) and Vanaprastha (forest dweller, retired). Sannyasa is traditionally conceptualized for men or women in late years of their life.

Sannyasa is a form of asceticism, is marked by renunciation of material desires and prejudices, represented by a state of disinterest and detachment from material life, and has the purpose of spending one's life in peaceful, love-inspired, simple spiritual life.

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Young brahmacharis have had the choice to skip the householder and retirement stages, renounce worldly and materialistic pursuits and dedicate their lives to spiritual pursuits.

We have to remember that brahmacharya  for life (remaining celibate) was not order of the day in Vedic era.

Exception cases might be there.

The concept of remaining celibate might have started with Jainism and Buddhism, later adopted by Other sects.


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In Rig Veda I.179 (P.100), Lopamudra (wife) teaches Sage Agasthya (Husband) the importance of fulfilling sexual desires.

Lopāmudrā teaches it to her husband who was inclined to asceticism. She says that even those ancients didn't find their end destination who, without their worldly responsibilities, just toiled and spoke the Ṛta.

They had to marry, they had to speak their experience, they had to live their life to find the meaning and to achieve the success.

Lopāmudrā says to her ascetically inclined husband that this way of invoking hardship on her by staying away from her doesn't make Agastya complete. He has to fulfill his life before thinking of achieving success in spiritual journey. Passion is responsible for synthesis and guilt is responsible for deconstruction. One who has understood the way to deconstruct and construct achieve the right plane of existence.

Agastya, on hearing the wise words of his wife, rebuilds the kāma in him and returns to his life, his duties.

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We have to remember that Lopamudra was saying even those ancients did not find their end destination who, without their worldly responsibilities, just toiled and spoke the Ṛta.

That means, ancients  in the earlier period to their era,  engaged in spiritual pursuits, also did get marry and discharged their worldly responsibilities.

So renunciation or Sannyasa was not the order of the day in Vedic era.

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Then  a question may arise as to why Sri Sankara propagated the Sannyasa, which it was not in tune to the Veda?

We have to remember that by the time Sri Sankara took birth, the vedic system got degenerated into rigid ritualistic society from that of rituals pertaining to mind.  

So it was need of the hour.